| Question |
Answer |
| The ability of cardiac cells to initiate an impulse spontaneously and continuously... |
|
Automaticity
|
| The ability of cardiac cells to be electrically stimulated... |
|
Excitability
|
| The ability of cardiac cells to transmit an impulse along a membrane in an orderly manner... |
|
Conductivity
|
| The ability of cardiac cells to respond mechanically to an impulse... |
|
Contractility
|
| The vagus nerve is stimulated by the PNS. What happens to heart conduction? |
|
The SA node decreases the number of times it fires, ultimately decreasing muscle contraction and heart rate
|
| A cardiac cell has a high concentration of ______ and a low concentration of ________, completely opposite of the environment maintained outside of the cell. |
|
High Potassium, low sodium
|
| Rapid movement of sodium out of the cardiac cell is referred to as polarization or repolarization? |
|
Repolarization
|
| Rapid movement of sodium into the cardiac cell is referred to as polarization or repolarization? |
|
Polarization
|
| ECG leads I, II, III, aVr, aVl, and aVf record electrical forces in the ________ field. |
|
Frontal
|
| ECG leads V1-V6 measure electrical activity in the horizontal fields. These are called the ________ leads. |
|
Precordial
|
|
|
| What are the three most common leads used for ECG monitoring? |
|
II, V1 and MCL1
|
| The most accurate way to calculate a patient's heart rate using an ECG is to... The most common method used to get the heart rate is to... |
|
-count the number of QRS intervals in one minute
-count the number of R-R intervals in 6 seconds and multiply it by 10
|
| How is a patient's skin prepared prior to the administration of leads for an ECG? |
|
excessive chest hair is clipped, dry gauzed is lightly rubbed over the skin until it is pink. If the skin is oily, alcohol is used first. If the patient is sweaty, benzoin is applied
|
| ___________ is the observation of a patient's heart rate and rhythm to rapidly diagnose dysrhythmias, ischemia or infarction. |
|
Telemetry monitoring
|
| What does the P wave on an ECG represent? |
|
Depolarization of the atria
|
| What does the PR interval represent? |
|
The amount of time it took for the electrical impulse to travel through the atria, to the AV node, through the bundle of His and the Purkinje fibers
|
| What does the QRS complex represent on an ECG? |
|
Ventricular contraction
|
| What does the QRS interval on an ECG indicate? |
|
The amount of time it took the ventricles to depolarize
|
| What does the ST segment on an ECG represent? |
|
The amount of time it took for the ventricles to undergo depolarization and repolarization
|
| Which part of the assessment of the cardiac rhythm on an ECG is usually flat, or isoelectric? |
|
The ST segment
|
| What does the T wave represent? |
|
Repolarization of the ventricles
|
| What does the QT interval represent? |
|
The amount of time it took for the ventricles to depolarize and repolarize
|
| ___________ refers to the ability of specialized cells in the atria, SA node, AV node, bundle of His and Purkinje fibers to discharge spontaneously. |
|
Automaticity
|
| What is the normal firing rate of the SA node? |
|
60-100 times per minute
|
| How frequently can the AV node fire if needed? |
|
40-60 times per minute
|
| How frequently can the His-Purkinje system fire if needed? |
|
20-40 times a minute
|
| A rate of less than 60 BPM that is regular and rhythmic is called... |
|
Sinus Bradycardia
|
| A rate of more than 100 BPM that is regular and rhythmic is called... |
|
Sinus tachycardia
|
| This heart pattern is characterized by a heart rate that is between 60-100 BPM and irregular. ECG monitoring will reveal an abnormally shaped P wave. |
|
PAC
|
| This dysrhythmia is characterized by 100-300 regular beats per minute and an abnormally shaped P wave with a normal or shortened PR interval and normal QRS complex. |
|
PSVT
|
|
|